On a visit to a loved one in a nursing home, your instincts are usually right — the trouble is knowing which warning signs to trust. A pressure sore on the heel or tailbone. A parent who seems newly foggy, sleepy, and hard to rouse. Clothes that suddenly hang loose. A bruise from a fall no one mentioned. Families often talk themselves out of these observations, chalking them up to aging or to a bad day. But bedsores, over-sedation, unexplained weight loss, and repeated falls are not the ordinary background of getting older — they are recognized red flags, and each of them usually means something specific about the care being given.
My name is Scott DeSalvo, and for nearly 30 years I have held negligent facilities accountable for injuries to the people in their care. I want families to know what these signs actually mean, because understanding them is the difference between a worry you set aside and a problem you catch in time. If you are seeing something that concerns you at a facility in or around Glen Ellyn, call me at 312-500-4500, any hour, for a free and confidential conversation.
Pressure sores — bedsores — are one of the clearest signals that a resident is not being cared for as required. They form when someone is left in the same position too long and the skin over a bony area breaks down, and they are largely preventable with proper repositioning, nutrition, and skin monitoring. That is exactly why the care standards demand those things. An advanced pressure sore on the heels, hips, or tailbone is not the natural course of aging; it usually means a resident who should have been turned and checked on a schedule was not. When you see one, especially a deep or worsening one, it is worth taking seriously.
The facility will often describe a bedsore as unavoidable, and sometimes that is even true — but not usually. The way to know is the records: the care plan, the repositioning logs, the skin assessments. Those documents tell whether the facility did what it was supposed to, and they are exactly what needs to be preserved.
A loved one who is suddenly drowsy, slurring, disengaged, or hard to wake may not be declining — they may be over-medicated. Understaffed facilities sometimes lean on sedating medications to keep residents quiet and easy to manage, a practice sometimes called chemical restraint. It is easy to mistake for the person "slowing down," which is precisely why it goes unnoticed. If your family member's alertness changes sharply, if they seem sedated at every visit, or if medications were added without a clear explanation, that is a sign worth questioning rather than accepting.
Trust the change you are seeing, because you know your loved one better than a chart does. A resident who was engaged last month and is glassy-eyed this month deserves an explanation, and the medication records will show what changed and why.
Unexplained weight loss and dehydration are among the most telling warning signs, because they reflect whether the most basic care is happening at all. Residents who are not helped to eat and drink, not offered food they can manage, or not monitored for nutrition simply waste away. Loose clothing, a gaunt face, dry lips and skin, confusion, and frequent infections can all point to a resident who is not being fed and hydrated the way their care plan requires. These are not subtle problems once you know to look for them, and they are rarely the fault of aging alone.
When you notice these signs, note them and raise them — and keep track of what you are told. A facility that cannot explain why a resident is losing weight or repeatedly dehydrated is a facility whose records need a hard look.
A fall that no one can explain, or a pattern of falls, usually means the facility failed to assess and protect a resident it knew was at risk. Nursing homes are required to evaluate each resident's fall risk and put safeguards in place — supervision, mobility help, environmental changes. When a resident who needs assistance is left to move on their own, falls follow, and the injuries — a fractured hip, a head injury — can be devastating. A bruise or an injury the staff cannot account for, or a fall you only learn about after the fact, is a red flag that supervision broke down.
The question is never just "did they fall" but "should the facility have prevented it." The care plan and the incident records answer that, and they are central to any case.
Illinois does not leave families to fight a large facility on their own — it gives them a powerful statute: the Nursing Home Care Act. This law was written specifically to protect nursing home residents. It spells out their rights, and it lets residents and families sue when a facility violates those rights. Crucially, once a violation is proven, the Act can shift the facility's own attorney's fees and costs onto the facility — a feature that makes these cases realistic to bring even against a large, well-funded operator. It levels a field that would otherwise be badly tilted.
That is why a family that feels outmatched by a corporate facility is not, in fact, powerless. The law is built to make accountability achievable, and using it well is the heart of these cases.
If your visit leaves you worried, the most important thing you can do is start protecting the evidence. Photograph any injuries — bedsores, bruises, weight loss you can see. Write down dates, names, and exactly what you observed. Keep everything the facility gives you. If your loved one is in immediate danger, handle their safety and medical care first, always. Then contact a lawyer quickly, because the facility's records — the care plans, the logs, the medication records — are the center of the case, and they must be preserved before they can be altered or lost.
Acting early is not about assuming the worst; it is about not losing the proof if the worst is true. The sooner the records are secured, the harder it is for a facility to reshape the story after the fact.
If the warning signs on your visits are adding up, a Glen Ellyn Personal Injury Attorney can review what you are seeing and tell you whether it points to neglect. The call is free, it is confidential, and it costs nothing to get an honest read on whether your loved one is being cared for the way the law requires.
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Often the honest answer only comes from reviewing the records. Injuries like advanced bedsores, repeated falls, dehydration, and untreated infections are recognized red flags because the care standards exist specifically to prevent them. Aging explains much, but not a resident who wasn't repositioned, fed, hydrated, or watched the way their care plan required.
It's an Illinois statute written specifically to protect nursing home residents. It spells out their rights and lets residents and families sue when a facility violates them, and it can shift the facility's attorney's fees and costs onto them once a violation is proven — a major reason these cases are realistic to bring against a large operator.
Begin protecting the evidence. Photograph any injuries, note dates, names, and what you observed, and keep everything the facility gives you. If your loved one is at immediate risk, handle their safety and medical care first. Then contact a lawyer quickly, because the facility's records are central to the case and must be preserved before they can be altered.
Sometimes an outcome genuinely is unavoidable, but that's the facility's standard defense in nearly every case, accurate or not. The way to test it is with the medical records, the care plans, and an expert's judgment about whether the facility met the standards it was required to meet — not the facility's own word.
Nothing out of pocket. I take these on contingency and advance the investigation and expert costs myself, so you pay only if I recover for your family. And because the Nursing Home Care Act can make the facility responsible for attorney's fees when a violation is proven, the structure is built to make accountability achievable.
Scott DeSalvo founded DeSalvo Law to help injured people throughout Chicago and surrounding suburbs. Licensed to practice law in Illinois since 1998, IARDC #6244452, Scott has represented over 3,000 clients in personal injury, workers compensation, and accident cases.
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